Search results for "Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide"

showing 10 items of 59 documents

Triptans and CGRP blockade - impact on the cranial vasculature.

2017

Abstract The trigeminovascular system plays a key role in the pathophysiology of migraine. The activation of the trigeminovascular system causes release of various neurotransmitters and neuropeptides, including serotonin and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), which modulate pain transmission and vascular tone. Thirty years after discovery of agonists for serotonin 5-HT1B and 5-HT1D receptors (triptans) and less than fifteen after the proof of concept of the gepant class of CGRP receptor antagonists, we are still a long way from understanding their precise site and mode of action in migraine. The effect on cranial vasculature is relevant, because all specific anti-migraine drugs and mig…

0301 basic medicineMigraine DisordersCalcitonin gene related peptide – CGRPNeuropeptidelcsh:MedicineMigraine modelsReviewTriptansReview ArticleCalcitonin gene-related peptide03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineJournal ArticlemedicineHumansMigraine treatmentReceptorbusiness.industryTriptans Calcitonin gene related peptide – CGRP Anti-CGRP (receptor) monoclonal antibodies – mAbs Middle meningeal artery Middle cerebral arteries Migraine models Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA)Anti-CGRP (receptor) monoclonal antibodies – mAbsTrigeminovascular systemlcsh:RTriptansGeneral MedicineMiddle meningeal arterymedicine.diseaseTryptamines3. Good healthMagnetic resonance angiography (MRA)Middle cerebral arteries030104 developmental biologyAnesthesiology and Pain MedicineMigraineAnesthesiaNeurology (clinical)SerotoninbusinessNeuroscience030217 neurology & neurosurgerymedicine.drugReceptors Calcitonin Gene-Related PeptideThe journal of headache and pain
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Non-Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Parasomnias and Migraine: A Role of Orexinergic Projections

2018

Introduction: Sleep and migraine share a common pathophysiological substrate, although the underlying mechanisms are unknown. The serotonergic and orexinergic systems are both involved in the regulation of sleep/wake cycle, and numerous studies show that both are involved in the migraine etiopathogenesis. These two systems are anatomically and functionally interconnected. Our hypothesis is that in migraine a dysfunction of orexinergic projections on the median raphe (MR) nuclei, interfering with serotonergic regulation, may cause Non-Rapid Eye Movement parasomnias, such as somnambulism. Hypothesis/theory: Acting on the serotonergic neurons of the raphe nuclei, the dysfunction of orexinergic…

0301 basic medicineSerotonergic systemMigraine; Orexinergic system; Pro-inflammatory peptides; Serotonergic system; Sleep-wake rhythm; Neurology; Neurology (clinical)Substance PCalcitonin gene-related peptidePro-inflammatory peptideSerotonergicNon-rapid eye movement sleeplcsh:RC346-429sleep–wake rhythmMigraine; Orexinergic system; Pro-inflammatory peptides; Serotonergic system; Sleep-wake rhythm;Settore M-PSI/04 - Psicologia Dello Sviluppo E Psicologia Dell'Educazione03 medical and health sciencesTrigeminal ganglionchemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicinePro-inflammatory peptidesSleep-wake rhythmHypothesis and TheoryMedicinelcsh:Neurology. Diseases of the nervous systemMigraineMigraine; Orexinergic system; Pro-inflammatory peptides; Serotonergic system; Sleep-wake rhythmbusiness.industryOrexinergic systemserotonergic system orexinergic system sleep–wake rhythm migraine pro-inflammatory peptidesSettore MED/39 - Neuropsichiatria InfantileOrexin030104 developmental biologyNeurologychemistryNeurology (clinical)SerotoninbusinessRaphe nucleiNeuroscience030217 neurology & neurosurgeryNeuroscienceFrontiers in Neurology
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PACAP38 and PAC1 receptor blockade: a new target for headache?

2018

Abstract Pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide-38 (PACAP38) is a widely distributed neuropeptide involved in neuroprotection, neurodevelopment, nociception and inflammation. Moreover, PACAP38 is a potent inducer of migraine-like attacks, but the mechanism behind this has not been fully elucidated. Migraine is a neurovascular disorder, recognized as the second most disabling disease. Nevertheless, the antibodies targeting calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) or its receptor are the only prophylactic treatment developed specifically for migraine. These antibodies have displayed positive results in clinical trials, but are not effective for all patients; therefore, new pharmacol…

0301 basic medicineSide effectPAC1 receptorMigraine DisordersMigraine Disorders/drug therapylcsh:MedicinePituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide/antagonists & inhibitorsReview ArticleTriptansPharmacologyCalcitonin gene-related peptidePACAPNeuroprotectionmigraine; PAC1 receptor; PACAP; prophylactic treatment; animals; disease models animal; headache; humans; migraine disorders; pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide; receptors pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide type I; neurology (clinical); anesthesiology and pain medicine03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineAnimalsHumansMedicineMigraine treatmentReceptorMigraineHeadache/drug therapybusiness.industrylcsh:RHeadacheGeneral Medicinemedicine.disease3. Good healthBlockadeDisease Models Animal030104 developmental biologyAnesthesiology and Pain MedicineMigrainePituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating PolypeptideNeurology (clinical)businessProphylactic treatment030217 neurology & neurosurgeryReceptors Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide Type IReceptors Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide Type I/antagonists & inhibitorsmedicine.drugJournal of Headache and Pain
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Interaction of calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) and substance P (SP) in human skin.

2016

Calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) and substance P (SP) are neuropeptides that are simultaneously released from nociceptive C-fibers. CGRP is a potent vasodilator, inducing a long-lasting increase in superficial skin blood flow, whereas SP induces only a brief vasodilation but a significant plasma extravasation. CGRP and SP may play important roles in the pathophysiology of various pain states but little is known about their interaction. Different concentrations of SP (ranging from 10-5M to 10-9M) were applied to the volar forearm of 24 healthy subjects via dermal microdialysis. SP was applied either alone or in combination with CGRP10-9M and CGRP 10-6M. As expected, SP induced a transi…

0301 basic medicinemedicine.medical_specialtyMicrodialysisCalcitonin Gene-Related PeptideVasodilationSubstance PCalcitonin gene-related peptideSubstance P03 medical and health sciencesCellular and Molecular Neurosciencechemistry.chemical_compoundYoung Adult0302 clinical medicineEndocrinologyInternal medicinemedicineHumansNeprilysinSkinReceptor activity-modifying proteinintegumentary systemDose-Response Relationship DrugEndocrine and Autonomic SystemsChemistryGeneral MedicineCALCRLExtravasationVasodilationForearm030104 developmental biologyEndocrinologyNeurologyRegional Blood Flow030217 neurology & neurosurgeryNeuropeptides
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Blocking CGRP in migraine patients – a review of pros and cons

2017

Abstract Migraine is the most prevalent neurological disorder worldwide and it has immense socioeconomic impact. Currently, preventative treatment options for migraine include drugs developed for diseases other than migraine such as hypertension, depression and epilepsy. During the last decade, however, blocking calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) has emerged as a possible mechanism for prevention of migraine attacks. CGRP has been shown to be released during migraine attacks and it may play a causative role in induction of migraine attacks. Here, we review the pros and cons of blocking CGRP in migraine patients. To date, two different classes of drugs blocking CGRP have been developed: …

0301 basic medicinemedicine.medical_specialtyanesthesiology and pain medicineNeurologyCalcitonin Gene-Related PeptideMigraine DisordersCentral nervous systemlcsh:MedicineNeurological disorderReview ArticleCalcitonin gene-related peptidePlaceboBioinformatics03 medical and health sciencesEpilepsy0302 clinical medicineCalcitonin Gene-Related Peptide Receptor AntagonistsMedicineAnimalsHumansMigraineneurology (clinical)integumentary systembusiness.industrylcsh:Racute treatment; CGRP; CGRP receptor; gepants; migraine; prophylactic treatment; neurology (clinical); anesthesiology and pain medicineCgrp receptorGeneral MedicineGepantsmedicine.disease3. Good health030104 developmental biologymedicine.anatomical_structureMigrainenervous systemAnesthesiaAcute treatment; Cgrp; Cgrp receptor; Gepants; Migraine; Prophylactic treatment; Neurology (clinical); Anesthesiology and Pain MedicineCgrpAnimal studiesbusinessGepantProphylactic treatmentAcute treatment030217 neurology & neurosurgery
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Influence of training and a maximal exercise test in analytical variability of muscular, hepatic, and cardiovascular biochemical variables.

2014

Short, middle, and long-term exercise, as well as the relative intensity of the physical effort, may influence a broad array of laboratory results, and it is thereby of pivotal importance to appropriately differentiate the 'physiologic' from the 'pathological' effects of exercise. Therefore, the values of some biomarkers in physically active subjects may be cautiously interpreted since the results may fall outside the conventional reference ranges. It has been demonstrated that middle and long-term endurance and/or strenuous exercise triggers transient elevations of muscular and cardiac biomarkers. However, no data have been published about the effect of short-term maximal exercise test on …

AdultCalcitoninMalemedicine.medical_specialtyCardiac biomarkersCardiovascular biomarkersCalcitonin Gene-Related PeptideClinical BiochemistryPhysical ExertionPhysical medicine and rehabilitationReference ValuesInternal medicineNatriuretic Peptide BrainmedicineCreatine Kinase MB FormHumansAspartate AminotransferasesProtein PrecursorsMuscle SkeletalPathologicalExerciseRelative intensitybiologyL-Lactate Dehydrogenasebusiness.industryC-reactive proteinSkeletal muscleHeartGeneral Medicinegamma-GlutamyltransferaseLaboratory resultsPeptide FragmentsTroponinmedicine.anatomical_structureexercise; laboratory; biomarkersC-Reactive ProteinLiverCardiologybiology.proteinExercise TestPhysical EnduranceMaximal exerciseSedentary BehaviorbusinesslaboratoryBiomarkersScandinavian journal of clinical and laboratory investigation
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Inhibition of neuropeptide degradation suppresses sweating but increases the area of the axon reflex flare.

2013

The neuropeptides CGRP (calcitonin gene-elated peptide) and substance P (SP) mediate neurogenic inflammation. Both are degraded by the neutral endopeptidase (NEP) which can be blocked by phosphoramidon. The aim was to evaluate the effect of NEP inhibition on sweating and vasodilatation. Dermal microdialysis was performed on the skin of 39 subjects. Two fibres were perfused with phosphoramidon (0.01%, 0.02% or 0.2%), two with saline. Acetylcholine (ACh) was either added to the microdialysis perfusate (n = 30, 10(-2)  m) or thermoregulatory sweating was induced (n = 9). Co-application of phosphoramidon reduced cholinergic and thermoregulatory sweating. However, the flare size - a localized in…

AdultMaleMicrodialysismedicine.medical_specialtyCalcitonin Gene-Related PeptideNeuropeptideSubstance PSweatingDermatologyCalcitonin gene-related peptideSubstance PBiochemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundInternal medicineReflexmedicineHumansProtease InhibitorsMolecular BiologySkinNeurogenic inflammationintegumentary systemChemistryPhosphoramidonGlycopeptidesrespiratory systemAxonsEndocrinologyCholinergicFemaleNeprilysinAcetylcholinemedicine.drugBody Temperature RegulationExperimental dermatology
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Psychophysics, flare, and neurosecretory function in human pain models: capsaicin versus electrically evoked pain.

2007

Intradermal capsaicin injection (CAP) and electrical current stimulation (ES) are analyzed in respect to patterns and test-retest reliability of pain as well as sensory and neurosecretory changes. In 10 healthy subjects, 2 CAP (50 g) and 2 ES (5 to 30 mA) were applied to the volar forearm. The time period between 2 identical stimulations was about 4 months. Pain ratings, areas of mechanical hyperalgesia, and allodynia were assessed. The intensity of sensory changes was quantified by using quantitative sensory testing. Neurogenic flare was assessed by using laser Doppler imaging. Calcito- nin gene-related peptide (CGRP) release was quantified by dermal microdialysis in combination with an en…

AdultMaleTime FactorsSensory Receptor CellsCalcitonin Gene-Related PeptideModels NeurologicalPainStimulationSensory systemCalcitonin gene-related peptidechemistry.chemical_compoundmedicineNoxious stimulusLaser-Doppler FlowmetryPsychophysicsHumansPain MeasurementSkinNerve Fibers UnmyelinatedNeuronal Plasticitybusiness.industryNociceptorsMiddle AgedNeurosecretory SystemsElectric StimulationPeripheralAnesthesiology and Pain MedicineAllodyniaNeurologychemistryCapsaicinHyperalgesiaRegional Blood FlowAnesthesiaHyperalgesiaFemaleNeurology (clinical)medicine.symptomCapsaicinInflammation MediatorsbusinessThe journal of pain
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Effects of endurance exercise on serum concentration of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP): A potential link between exercise intensity and heada…

2020

Abstract Background Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is a powerful neuropeptide that is strongly involved in headache pain pathogenesis by triggering vasodilation, mast cell degranulation and neurogenic inflammation. This evidence has prompted us to investigate the acute influence of endurance exercise on CGRP concentration in blood. Methods The study population consisted of 48 male amateur runners, who ran a half-marathon distance at 75%–85% of maximal oxygen uptake. Blood was drawn before the run (pre-run) and immediately after each runner ended his trial (post-run). The serum concentration of CGRP was measured with a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. R…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyAnti-calcitonin gene-related peptide agentsCalcitonin Gene-Related PeptideClinical BiochemistryVasodilationCalcitonin gene-related peptideRunning03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineEndurance trainingInternal medicinemedicineHumansExerciseMigraineanti-calcitonin gene-related peptide agents ; headache ; migraine ; neuropeptide ; physical activity ; runningNeurogenic inflammationbusiness.industryPhysical activityBiochemistry (medical)HeadacheVO2 max030229 sport sciencesGeneral MedicineMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseNeuropeptideEndocrinologyMigraineCalcitoninPhysical EnduranceExercise intensityAnti-calcitonin gene-related peptide agents; Headache; Migraine; Neuropeptide; Physical activity; Runningbusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgery
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Angiotensin converting enzyme has an inhibitory role in CGRP metabolism in human skin

2005

The neutral endopeptidase (NEP) is important for calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) degradation, while the role of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) remains unclear. By using dermal microdialysis we explored the effect of phosphoramidon (NEP blocker), captopril (ACE blocker) and a mixture of both drugs on the intensity of electrically-induced CGRP-mediated neurogenic flare. The results reveal that phosphoramidon elevated flare intensity, but that this was not further increased by adding captopril. In contrast, neurogenic flare was decreased when the drug mixture was applied in compared to NEP only. Electrically released CGRP levels could be measured directly in perfusates containing p…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyCaptoprilPhysiologyCalcitonin Gene-Related PeptideNeuropeptideAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme InhibitorsPeptidyl-Dipeptidase ACalcitonin gene-related peptideBiochemistryCellular and Molecular Neurosciencechemistry.chemical_compoundEndocrinologyInternal medicineRetrograde DegenerationLaser-Doppler FlowmetrymedicineHumansNeprilysinSkinintegumentary systembiologyChemistryCatabolismfungiPhosphoramidonGlycopeptidesAngiotensin-converting enzymeCaptoprilMetabolismrespiratory systemVasodilationEndocrinologybiology.proteinFemalemedicine.drugPeptides
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